проблема с курсовой Иодидные Комплексы палладия

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Помогите пожалуйста с информацией по Иодидным комплексам палладия, нет никакой информации ... Помогите... Если есть ссылки на странички по данной теме пришлите пожалуйста.... P.S За ранее спасибо

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Гмелин

[antabu]

1. Хлористый, бромистый и йодистый палладий дают с моно- и дитиоэфирами соединения, которые по своему составу и свойствам совершенно аналогичны соответствующим соединениям двухвалентной платины, с тою только разницей, что здесь не удалось наблюдать ни одного случая изомерии или полимерии.

Химия комплексных соединений. Чугаев Л.А.

[VOVAN CIR]

Cl на I меняется без проблем в ацетоне или метаноле.

[MONSTA]

Cao, S.-Q., Ma, W.-S.
Study on floatation separation of palladium(II) in potassium iodide-cetylpyrinium bromide-water system.
Yejin Fenxi/Metallurgical Analysis
Volume 28, Issue 3, March 2008, Pages 49-52

The behavior and conditions for the floatation separation of Pd(II) from other metal ions in potassium iodide-cetylpyrinium bromide-water system were studied. The results showed that Pd(II) combines with KI and cetylpyridinium bromide to form a ternary ion associated complex PdI42-· 2CPB+ in aqueous solutions, which was floated well on the surface of water phase to make the system to divide into both liquid and solid phases with clear interface. Pd(II) could be quantitatively separated from Zn(II), Mn(II), Al(III), Ni(II), Co(II) and Fe(II) by floatation. The floatation rate of Pd(II) was higher than 99.4% at pH3 when the concentrations of KI and cetylpyrinium bromide in solution are 1.5 × 10-2 mol/L, 1.5 × 10-3 mol/L, respectively. This method has been applied in the floatation separation and determination of Pd(II) in synthetic water sample with satisfactory results.

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Neve, F. , Crispini, A. , Francescangeli, O.
Structural studies on layered alkylpyridinium iodopalladate networks.
Inorganic Chemistry
Volume 39, Issue 6, 20 March 2000, Pages 1187-1194

The reaction of alkylpyridinium (C(n)H(2n+1)NC5H5, hereafter Cn-Py) iodide salts in aqueous acetonitrile with a preformed palladium iodide precursor afforded two different types of organic-inorganic phases depending on the molar ratio. A 2:1 ratio yielded the phase [Cn-Py]2[PdI4] (3, n = 14, 16), which crystallized in the triclinic crystal system. The X-ray crystal structure of 3, (n = 14), refined in the space group P1 (a = 8.918(3) Å, b = 9.894(3) Å, c = 29.062(12) Å, α = 93.51(3)°, β = 94.17(3)°, γ = 115.60(3)°, and Z = 2), consists of interdigitated bilayers with a basal spacing of 29.0 Å. The aliphatic chains of the cations, which run almost parallel to the stacking direction, are fully stretched between polar planes built on isolated. [PdI4]2- anions and cation headgroups. Changing the organic cation to palladium ratio to 1:1 led to a new phase [Cn-Py]2[Pd2I6] (4, n = 14, 16), which crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group (a = 9.399(4) Å, b = 14.264(6) Å, c = 29.415(13) Å, α = 92.11(4)°, β = 90-07(4)°, γ = 104.53(3)°, Z = 3 for 4(n = 14); a = 9.417(2) Å, b = 14.215(3) Å, c = 31.552(6) Å, α = 87.96(3)°, β = 87.63(3)°, γ = 75.67(3)°, Z = 3 for 4(n = 16)). The layered structure is basically of a continuously interdigitated single-layer type, with a bilayer sublattice superimposed. Isolated [Pd2I6]2- anions contribute to the inorganic planes. A high degree of interdigitation and tilting of the aliphatic chains lead to basal spacings of 29.4 and 31.5 Å for 4(n = 14) and 4(n = 16), respectively. The [Cn-Py]2[PdI4] and [Cn-Py]2[Pd2I6] phases were characterized by thermal analysis. Mesomorphic behavior was observed only for 3(n = 16), which was confirmed by variable-temperature powder XRD and optical microscopy.

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Olsson, L.-F.
Electronic absorption and magnetic circular dichroism spectra of monomeric and dimeric platinum(II) and palladium(II) iodide complexes.
Inorganic Chemistry
Volume 25, Issue 10, 1986, Pages 1697-1704

Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) and absorption spectra of PdI42-(aq) for 1/λ < 3.8 μm-1 and of PtI42- and Pt2I62- for 1/λ < 5.0 μm-1 in methanol and at -65°C have been recorded. In the latter complexes, there is intense absorption (ε = 5 × 104 cm-1 M-1) in the UV region and several bands have been detected. The well-established LMCT (ligand p to metal d) assignment for PdX42- holds also for PdI42- with singlet-triplet transitions included. The most plausible assignment for PtI42- seems to be a combination of LMCT and internal metal d-p transitions. The vis/near-UV bands have been assigned as singlet-triplet transitions, the far-UV bands as the corresponding singlet-singlet d-p transitions, and the bands between these systems as LMCT transitions. © 1986 American Chemical Society.

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Elding, L.I., Olsson, L.F.
Kinetics, mechanism, and equilibrium for formation/cleavage of a dinuclear iodide-bridged complex of palladium(II)
Inorganic Chemistry
Volume 16, Issue 11, 1977, Pages 2789-2794

The kinetics and equilibrium for eq 1 with the equilibrium constant K26 = kf[I-]2/kd have been studied at 25.0°C in 1.00 M sodium perchlorate medium. Measurements of the solubility of PdI2(s) in iodide solutions with 0.02 ≤ [I-] ≤ 0.100 M indicated PdI42- and Pd2I62- as the predominant complexes in this concentration range. Spectrophotometric equilibrium measurements, evaluated by a least-squares minimizing program, gave K26 = 21 ± 1 M and the stepwise stability constant for PdI42-, i.e., K4 = [PdI42-]/[PdI3H2O -][I-] = 360 ± 60 M-1. The experiments gave no evidence for complexes with a mean ligand number greater than four. Stopped-flow experiments indicated a rate law for the equilibration between Pd(II) iodo complexes and Pd2I62- of the form d[Pd2I62-]/dt = kf[PdI42-]2 - kd[Pd2I62-], where kf = K26C + K26b/[I-] + K26a/[I-]2, and kd = a + b[I-] + c[I-]2. The parameters are a = 0.24 ± 0.07 s-1, b = 4.3 ± 0.6 s-1 M-1, and c = 15.5 ± 0.9 s-1 M-2. The mechanism for the formation of Pd2I62- involves dimeric transition states, probably with double iodide bridges. The three terms in the rate expression indicate three parallel reaction paths for the formation of Pd2I62- from PdI42- and PdI3H2O-.

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Srivastava, S.C., Newman, L.
Mixed-ligand complexes of palladium(II) with chloride and iodide
Inorganic Chemistry
Volume 11, Issue 12, 1972, Pages 2855-2859

A spectrophotometric study of the mixed complexes of palladium(II) with chloride and iodide has been carried out. Studies of the replacement reactions between PdCl42- and PdI42-, both of which are the limiting halide species of palladium under the condition of study, were performed using various spectral regions. The spectra of PdCl42- and PdI42- show peaks at 279 and 222 nm and at 268, 317, 407, and 487 nm, respectively. Formation constants (log log †K) have been determined for the various equilibria as follows: 3.95 ± 0.05 for [PdCl3I2-][Cl-]/[PdCl42-][I-], 4.1 ± 0.2 for [PdCl2I22-][Cl-]/[PdCl 3I2-] • [I-], 2.8 ± 0.3 for [PdClI32-][Cl-]/[PdCl2I 22-][I-], and 1.30 ± 0.05 for [PdI42-][Cl-]/[PdClI32-][I-]. The method of calculation was based on some previously derived functions, which allow the characterization of the whole system with a minimum manipulation of the data and a minimum use of the previously determined parameters. The individual spectra for the mixed species have been resolved using the calculated constants. This investigation represents the last in the series involving palladium with chloride, bromide, and iodide. Some interesting correlations are presented. © Copyright 1972 by the American Chemical Society.

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Srivastava, S.C., Newman, L.
Mixed-ligand complexes of palladium(II) with bromide and iodide
Inorganic Chemistry
Volume 6, Issue 4, 1967, Pages 762-765

Mixed-ligand complexes of palladium(II) with bromide and iodide.
A spectrophotometric study of a series of consecutive mixed-ligand complexes of palladium(II) with bromide and iodide has been carried out. The limiting halide species PdBr42- and PdI42- show well-defined peaks at 246, 332, and 510 mμ and at 268, 317, 407, and 487 mμ, respectively. The following formation constants (log †K) have been determined: 2.75 ± 0.05 for [PdBr3I2-] [Br-]/[PdBr42-][I-], 3.00 ± 0.15 for [PdBr2I22-] [Br-]/[PdBr3I2-] [I-], 1.70 ± 0.15 for [PdBrI32--] [Br-]/ [PdBr2I22-] [I-], and 0.80 ± 0.05 for [PdI42-] [Br-]/[PdBrI32-] [I-]. The spectra of the individual mixed species have been resolved.

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Все, что нашел, и что, по моему скромному мнению, пригодно по теме. Не пренебрегайте смешанными комплексами, они придадут должный лоск Вашей курсовой! Тем более что в этих работах и индивидуальные комплексы тоже изучались. А уж где взять упомянутые статьи, это обращайтесь в соответствующую тему! Удачи!

[Cherep]

прямые ссылки запрещены.

[suprachemister]

Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry II volume 6